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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vfueconom</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономика и природопользование на Севере. Economy and nature management in the North</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Economy and nature management in the North</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2587-8778</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М. К. Аммосова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25587/2587-8778-2026-2-67-76</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vfueconom-286</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Статьи</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Международное сотрудничество в Арктике: опыт «Ямал СПГ» и «Арктик СПГ 2»</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>International cooperation in the Arctic: the experience of Yamal LNG and Arctic LNG 2</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ци</surname><given-names>Хунъянь</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>QI</surname><given-names>Hongyan</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ци Хунъянь ‒ преподаватель</p><p>г. Чандэ, провинция Хунань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>QI Hongyan ‒ University teacher</p><p>Changde City, Hunan Province</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сунь</surname><given-names>Юаньюань</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sun</surname><given-names>Yuanyuan</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сунь Юаньюань ‒ магистрант Финансово-экономического института</p><p>г. Якутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sun Yuanyuan ‒ Master’s student</p><p>Yakutsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бястинова</surname><given-names>Л. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Byastinova</surname><given-names>L. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бястинова Луиза Михайловна ‒ кандидат экономических наук, доцент Финансово-экономического института</p><p>г. Якутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Byastinova Luiza Mikhailovna ‒ Cand. Sci. (Economics), Associate Professor</p><p>Yakutsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lbyastinova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Хунаньский университет искусств и наук</institution><country>Китай</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>University of Arts and Sciences</institution><country>China</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Восточный федеральный университет им. М.К. Аммосова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>M. K. Ammosov North Eastern Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>06</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>67</fpage><lpage>76</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ци Х., Сунь Ю., Бястинова Л.М., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ци Х., Сунь Ю., Бястинова Л.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">QI H., Sun Y., Byastinova L.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.escsvfu.ru/jour/article/view/286">https://www.escsvfu.ru/jour/article/view/286</self-uri><abstract><p>В условиях реструктуризации глобального энергетического ландшафта, обострения геополитических конфликтов и ускорения низкоуглеродной трансформации Арктика становится ключевым регионом международного энергетического сотрудничества. Цель данной работы – выявление устойчивых механизмов международного сотрудничества при реализации крупномасштабных арктических проектов на примере «Ямал СПГ» и «Арктик СПГ 2». Материалами и методами послужили анализ открытых операционных данных (2017–2025 гг.), структуры собственности, объемов инвестиций, производственных мощностей, экспортных потоков, технических решений, а также сравнительный и системный подходы. Результаты показывают, что «Ямал СПГ» реализовал эффективную трехстороннюю модель сотрудничества Россия–Китай–Европа с долей европейского экспорта 76% в 2025 г. В свою очередь «Арктик СПГ 2» под влиянием санкций ускорил переориентацию на восточный рынок (около 90% экспорта в Азию) и восточную цепочку поставок. Установлено, что ключевыми элементами успеха являются: глобальное модульное строительство (85% модулей произведено в Китае), флот ледового класса Arc7, обеспечивающий круглогодичную навигацию по Северному морскому пути, долгосрочные контракты «бери или плати», а также замещение финансирования и логистики в условиях внешнего давления. Предложенные модели сотрудничества и технические решения (включая платформы GBS) доказали свою эффективность, воспроизводимость и устойчивость к внешним шокам. Практическая значимость работы заключается в формировании эмпирической основы для управления рисками, оптимизации трансграничного взаимодействия и дальнейшего развития «Полярного шелкового пути» в условиях меняющейся геополитической конъюнктуры. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Against the background of the restructuring of the global energy landscape, intensified geopolitical conflicts and accelerated low-carbon transformation, the Arctic is becoming a key region for international energy cooperation. The purpose of this work is to identify sustainable mechanisms of international cooperation in large-scale Arctic projects using Yamal LNG and Arctic LNG 2 as examples. The materials and methods include analysis of open operational data (2017–2025), ownership structure, investment volumes, production capacities, export flows, technical solutions, as well as comparative and systemic approaches. The results show that Yamal LNG implemented an effective Russia–China–Europe trilateral cooperation model, with a 76% share of European exports in 2025. In turn, Arctic LNG 2, under the influence of sanctions, accelerated its reorientation to the Eastern market (about 90% of exports to Asia) and the Eastern supply chain. It is established that the key success factors are: global modular construction (85% of modules produced in China), the Arc7 ice-class fleet ensuring year-round navigation along the Northern Sea Route, long-term take-or-pay contracts, as well as financing and logistics substitution under external pressure. Conclusion: the proposed cooperation models and technical solutions (including GBS platforms) have proven their efficiency, reproducibility, and resilience to external shocks. The practical significance of the work lies in forming an empirical basis for risk management, optimization of cross-border interaction, and further development of the «Polar Silk Road» under changing geopolitical conditions. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>освоение Арктики</kwd><kwd>международное энергетическое сотрудничество</kwd><kwd>Ямал СПГ</kwd><kwd>Арктик СПГ 2</kwd><kwd>сжиженный природный газ</kwd><kwd>арктические водные пути</kwd><kwd>модульное строительство</kwd><kwd>санкционное давление</kwd><kwd>Китайско-российское сотрудничество</kwd><kwd>Северный морской путь</kwd><kwd>СПГтанкеры Arc7</kwd><kwd>Полярный шелковый путь</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Arctic development</kwd><kwd>international energy cooperation</kwd><kwd>Yamal LNG</kwd><kwd>Arctic LNG 2</kwd><kwd>liquefied natural gas</kwd><kwd>Arctic waterways</kwd><kwd>modular construction</kwd><kwd>sanction pressure</kwd><kwd>Sino-Russian cooperation</kwd><kwd>Northern Sea Route</kwd><kwd>Arc7 LNG carriers</kwd><kwd>Polar Silk Road</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jifei W. 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