Historical Character of Culture in the Context of Human Formation

   The article is devoted to the historical significance of culture, its scholarly measurements, generalizations, analysis of values. Particular attention is paid to the definition of the essence of culture at different times. From an evolutionary view of culture to a normal method of adapting and creating a social environment through culture. Initially, the term “culture” was used to refer to the process of forming a person’s personality through learning. The ancient Greeks defined this test with the concept of “paidea”. In this context, a cultured person is defined as one who has succeeded in assimilating the knowledge and values transmitted in society in order to translate them into personal qualities. The definition of culture has undergone dramatic changes and the article mentions certain historical events in England and other countries, explaining the interpretation of the term culture in the context of the formation of man in general. The history of science has always emphasized the special role in the interpretation of the term “culture” in the writings of E. B. Tylor and Matthew Arnold. The first is the founder of cultural anthropology, and considers culture as “as a holistic way of life”, the second attaches importance to the study of the value of the humanities in higher education and believes that this should be strived for. In addition, the Chinese “inspired” version of the originality of culture is considered. Philosophers and sociologists have worked diligently to overcome social Darwinism, and now view each culture as valuable in itself and not in relation to another culture. This is cultural relativism. In modern times, there were all sorts of ideas and classic works concerning the features of language, history and political philosophy. And the wise reasoning of I. Kant that a person considers cultures not as a break with nature, but as a development of the specific nature of man. And this is the path to an enlightened humanity.

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