Typology of settlements in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) as a tool of differentiated regional policy

We present a comprehensive typology of populated areas in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), a unique region with extreme climatic conditions, low population density, and significant internal differentiation. The inadequacy for effective governance of the classical division into “urban” and “rural” areas is demonstrated. The primary objective of this study is to develop and test a comprehensive methodological framework for classifying municipalities in Yakutia, enabling a transition from purely economic indicators to an integrated assessment of living conditions and human capital. This study utilizes a consistent application of integrated rating, cluster, spatial, and dynamic scenario methods. A system of criteria цфы developed that includes demographic potential, economic foundation, and infrastructure development. Based on the typology, specific recommendations were formulated for government agencies on the transition from a unified policy to differentiated management, which will enable targeted budget allocation and improve the quality of life of the population. The study resulted in the development of a detailed classification identifying stable types of urban and rural settlements. Among urban settlements, the following are distinguished: large multifunctional centers (Yakutsk), large industrial centers, medium-sized regional centers (industrial and agricultural), Arctic towns, and single-functional settlements. Among the rural areas are large rural centers, agro-industrial villages, small depressed villages and eco-ethnic settlements. The study demonstrates the practical significance of the developed typology as a tool for making informed management decisions aimed at equalizing territorial development levels and ensuring the long-term strategic sustainability of the republic. The results emphasize the need to consider regional specifics and targeted funding to mitigate imbalances in the Far North.

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