An analysis of the impact of international migration on the formation of the labor market: theoretical and practical aspects

For the economic and social development of the state, it is very important to have an effectively functioning balanced labor market. If there is an abundance of labor resources on the market, a shortage of jobs is created, and an increase in unemployment gives rise to social tension. Lack of labor resources, in turn, creates problems, limiting productive capacity and hindering economic growth. International labor migration makes it possible to redistribute labor resources between countries, compensating for the deficit that occurs in certain industries and sectors of the economy, and providing employment. This paper presents some theoretical aspects that reflect the patterns of formation of migration flows, examines the interdependence of migration processes and the characteristics of the organization of the labor market, considers and analyzes the main factors that determine the direction of movement of labor resources between countries and their distribution by sectors of the economy. An analysis of the structural features and trends in the direction and volume of labor immigration flows in Russia has been carried out. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the Russian Federation is a stable recipient of migration flows, among labor migrants citizens of the CIS countries, participants in the secondary market, prevail. Skilled workers arrive in the Russian Federation mostly from EU countries and far abroad, their share is not so large, but growing. Most of all, the need for workers is felt in such areas as healthcare and social services, trade, manufacturing, and transport. The forecast of changes in the labor force in the Russian Federation indicates the need to further attract foreign workers to compensate for the loss of the able-bodied population as a result of the process of demographic aging. The regulation of the labor market should be focused on eliminating potential negative consequences and using the positive effects of labor migration.

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