CULTUROLOGY
The biographical boom that the Yakut culture is experiencing, is an objective reflection of a general cultural trend called the “biographical turn”. In relation to cultural studies, such processes are presented in historical personology, which indicates a change in ideas about the role of the individual in socio-cultural processes. We propose the experience of a mosaic (selective) reconstruction of the biography of a person, who being multi-talented, shaped the identity of the Sakha people with his creativity and for three decades, almost single-handedly kept the authenticity of the Yakut culture in the conditions of a social experiment called “building communism”. Approaches characterizing the nature of the folk master’s creativity are outlined. The unique experience of Sergei Zverev (1900 – 1973) represents the cultural heritage of the Sakha people, in fact, the memory of culture. In the format of mythological consciousness – a special vision of the world by the creator – which in the Yakut language is designated by the category of anaar, this state is defined as the ability to embrace the boundless; to comprehend, convey and build a system of representations of the philosophy of the people with gesture, melody and word. All this, due to his natural gift and life experience, was owned by Sergei Zverev. Therefore, with his direct participation, it was possible to synthesize archaic authentic forms of culture with large genres of academic professional forms of culture (the first Yakut ballet and opera). Another attempt is presented to determine the scale of the personality and formulate a rationale for determining the role of the creator in the culture of the people. On the example of the creative searches of the storyteller, dance director, reenactor of ceremonial practices, the specifics of the transition from non-literate forms of culture to written ones are considered.
The article reviews the activities of the volunteer movement in the field of culture in Yakutia, which arose in 2019. The goal is to show this process against the backdrop of the all-Russian movement «Volunteer of Culture». Based on the use of program documents and legislation in the field of culture and art development, the volunteer movement is presented from its very inception in Russia. Conducted studies on the study of the volunteer movement have been devoted to all-Russian events held during the study period. Until now, there have been no studies that would consider volunteering in the field of culture in Yakutia. This article fills this gap for the first time. This paper shows the process of the origin of motion. The projects that have arisen since 2019 are considered, their diversity and diversity are highlighted. A significant place among them is occupied by projects aimed at preserving cultural heritage. Yakutia especially needs not only safeguarding, but also the reconstruction of cultural heritage monuments. Attention is also paid to popularizing the problem of preserving cultural heritage, in the solution of which an important place is given to volunteering. At the end of the article, the preliminary results of the activities of the volunteer movement in the field of culture and art of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) are summed up. Specific, practical recommendations were developed to improve the activities of this movement.
ECONOMICS
Based on the target vision of the strategies for the development of the Arctic and the northern regions of the Russian Federation until 2050, it has been determined that a complete transition of local energy systems to the use of alternative energy sources is not expected in the long term. Consequently, in the long term, the search for a solution to the problems of developing the existing systems for supplying oil products to the territories of the northern regions remains relevant for the life support of the population and requires the use of improved management mechanisms. The article presents a conceptual model of improved organizational mechanisms for systems for supplying oil products to the territories of the northern regions, which involve the creation of a single center for management, control and monitoring of the “northern delivery” of fuel supply to all hard-to-reach territories of the northern regions of Russia. The authors provide a detailed description of the methods and tools of state regulation that can be applied within the framework of the proposed organizational mechanism.
In the world practice, the development of a creative economy has become a new direction in the development of socio-economic relations in society. This term was first described in the early 2000s in international economic studies. Thus, the definition was given that the basis of the creative economy is creative work, with characteristics such as diversity and adaptation to rapidly changing conditions. In Russian science, the creative economy began to be studied not so long ago, but interest in it is growing rapidly. Thus, the Agency for Strategic Initiatives has launched several projects based on an extraordinary creative approach: these are the Atlas of Creative Industries, Best Creative Practices, etc. Thus, in our country, the creative economy is understood as the active interaction of society, business and government, along with social entrepreneurship. The article discusses the possibilities of developing a creative economy in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The components of the creative capital index, estimated in 2019 according to the city of Yakutsk, are described. A detailed description of the support for the region’s innovative infrastructure is given. The directions of development of the creative economy of the republic are considered, it is concluded that despite the fact that the region’s economy is based on the extractive industries, the region has all the prerequisites for the formation of a creative economy ecosystem, and with the full support of regional executive authorities.
At the present stage of economic development for many commercial organizations the issue of saturation and consolidation of the market of goods and services is the most significant and paramount. This indicates the need for a company to implement an effective financial policy, in particular, the rational use of financial resources, which in turn allows the organization to invest in new equipment in a timely manner, providing costs for the expansion of production and technical re-equipment. This article analyzes the effectiveness of financial resources of the Joint-Stock Company “Yakutsk Bakery Complex”, which aims to develop recommendations for optimizing the formation and use of financial resources of the company. The relevance of the topic of the study lies in the fact that a sufficient amount of financial resources and their effective use determines the stable financial position of the organization, its solvency and liquidity. It is also worth noting that to date, despite the great attention paid to this problem; there is no unified approach to the methodology of concepts related to the definition of the term financial resources. All this undoubtedly determines the relevance of the research topic and its importance in today’s reality. Thus, each organization strives to increase its own financial resources by considering new possible sources and effective use of existing ones in order to improve the efficiency of its activities.
For the economic and social development of the state, it is very important to have an effectively functioning balanced labor market. If there is an abundance of labor resources on the market, a shortage of jobs is created, and an increase in unemployment gives rise to social tension. Lack of labor resources, in turn, creates problems, limiting productive capacity and hindering economic growth. International labor migration makes it possible to redistribute labor resources between countries, compensating for the deficit that occurs in certain industries and sectors of the economy, and providing employment. This paper presents some theoretical aspects that reflect the patterns of formation of migration flows, examines the interdependence of migration processes and the characteristics of the organization of the labor market, considers and analyzes the main factors that determine the direction of movement of labor resources between countries and their distribution by sectors of the economy. An analysis of the structural features and trends in the direction and volume of labor immigration flows in Russia has been carried out. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the Russian Federation is a stable recipient of migration flows, among labor migrants citizens of the CIS countries, participants in the secondary market, prevail. Skilled workers arrive in the Russian Federation mostly from EU countries and far abroad, their share is not so large, but growing. Most of all, the need for workers is felt in such areas as healthcare and social services, trade, manufacturing, and transport. The forecast of changes in the labor force in the Russian Federation indicates the need to further attract foreign workers to compensate for the loss of the able-bodied population as a result of the process of demographic aging. The regulation of the labor market should be focused on eliminating potential negative consequences and using the positive effects of labor migration.
Improving the standard of living of the population is the main task of all levels of executive power in the system of state and municipal government in the Russian Federation. Over the past decades, the program-target method of management has become the main method for implementing the activities of the SMU system, the main task of which was to coordinate the guidelines for the overall socio-economic development of the country with the gradual specification of the tasks set to the level of the region, and then the municipality. The article once again proves the need for methodological support of the municipal government system in the formation, implementation and evaluation of the effectiveness of municipal programs, as the main tool for strategic planning of the development of the territory. Problems have been identified both at the level of planning municipal programs and at the level of evaluating the effectiveness of their implementation, which lies in the impossibility of quantifying the results achieved. A methodology for an integrated assessment of the effectiveness of the implementation of municipal programs is proposed, based on three key areas: planning and assessing the implementation of activities, planning and assessing the timeliness and sufficient funding, assessing the quality of planning and reporting of the municipal program. The presented methodology for the integral assessment will make it possible to quantify the effectiveness of implementing municipal programs, which will facilitate the ranking of the activities of local governments of municipal, urban districts and municipal districts of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), increase the internal level of motivation among municipal employees, and improve their skills.
Russian-Mongolian economic and trade relations have a long history. Border areas play an important role in the development of this cooperation. Priority in the development of multilateral relations between Russia and Mongolia belongs to the Republic of Buryatia, which has one of the longest borders with Mongolia, as well as a single national and cultural space on a cross-border territory. The purpose of this study was to analyze the foreign economic relations of the Republic of Buryatia and Mongolia at the present stage, as well as to study the problems and prospects of such relations. Legal acts that are the basis for the implementation of foreign economic relations were studied. Based on statistical data on the dynamics of volumes and the main trends in the commodity structure of export-import operations, starting from 2016 to 2021, we carried out the analysis of the dynamics of foreign trade turnover and the current state of trade and economic cooperation of the Republic of Buryatia and Mongolia. However, in the commodity structure of the region’s exports, the main share is occupied by industrial goods, including electricity, mineral fuel and ferrous metals, wood, paper, etc. The development of foreign trade of the Republic of Buryatia with Mongolia is associated with maintaining a high share of products in exports. The article considers not only the participation of the region in the formation of the volume of Russian-Mongolian trade turnover, but also the status of Mongolia in the republic’s foreign trade relations. Special attention was paid to the existing constraints and obstacles of the Buryat-Mongolian trade and economic cooperation, and their overcoming is analyzed. In addition, alternatives to the construction of hydroelectric power plants in Mongolia were considered. It was concluded that the Republic of Buryatia is the main trade and economic partner of Mongolia, the complementarity of internal resources and capabilities is of great importance for the development of regional and cross-border cooperation between both states.
The financial stability of an enterprise shows how much the enterprise has the ability to maintain its smooth operation, having certain free funds and the correctness of financial flows. The financial stability of an enterprise is generally recognized according to various criteria. When an enterprise is financially stable, it has the opportunity to attract investments, obtain loans, select suppliers and select qualified personnel before other enterprises of the same profile. Solvency shows the ability of the enterprise in full, and most importantly, to fulfill its payment obligations on time, as well as the availability of funds that are necessary to cover its obligations. An analysis of the solvency of the enterprise helps to reduce the internal costs of the enterprise. An effective assessment of the solvency and liquidity of an enterprise can increase the rate of growth in sales volumes and increase its position in the market. Liquidity is needed in order to determine to what extent an enterprise can quickly and with minimal financial losses change the assets (property) of the enterprise into cash. Liquidity is also characterized by the presence of liquid funds in the form of a cash balance on hand, cash in bank accounts, as well as easily realizable elements of current assets. This paper analyzes the liquidity and solvency of Vodokanal JSC. Based on the results of the analysis, recommendations were given and calculated for assessing the financial condition of the enterprise. By reducing borrowed capital, accumulating accumulated debt, as well as getting rid of unclaimed fixed assets, thereby aligning the balance of the enterprise, it is possible to improve its financial condition.