This article examines the role of territorial branding as a key factor in the formation of economic identity using the case of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). Social well-being, self-identification, adaptation and behavioral attitudes within the regional system, as well as other characteristics of economic identity play an important role in creating ideas about the uniqueness of the region. The relevance of the topic is due to the need to develop an integrated approach to the formation of a sustainable territorial brand of the region, which can become a driver of economic development and a tool for preserving cultural uniqueness in the context of globalization and growing competition between regions. The aim of the work is to identify the key factors and strategic priorities for the development of the territorial branding of the region through the analysis of its competitive advantages and limitations. The methodology includes the study of scientific literature, regulatory documents, a comprehensive analysis of statistical data, analytical materials, a case study of successful practices in various fields, as well as a SWOT analysis matrix. The study identified key factors in the formation of the territorial brand of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), including unique natural and cultural resources, innovative potential, and the development of creative industries. The analysis showed that their effective use can increase the attractiveness of the region, strengthen its economic identity and create sustainable competitive advantages. The practical significance of the work is to substantiate the need to integrate territorial branding into the strategic planning of the region in order to ensure sustainable economic growth and increase competitiveness at the global level. The prospects of the study are related to the development of specific mechanisms for implementing a brand strategy, taking into account the specifics of the region.

Against the backdrop of intensifying global climate change and the growing demand for a low-carbon transition, green finance has become a new driver of international economic and trade cooperation. As comprehensive strategic partners, China and Russia, building on their traditional cooperation in energy, trade, and infrastructure, are actively exploring new models of cooperation in green finance. Furthermore, Russia’s “pivot to the East” strategy is strategically aligned with China’s goal of achieving “double carbon neutrality,” opening up significant potential for cooperation in areas such as renewable energy, energy efficiency, and carbon markets. Despite significant progress in green finance, particularly in renewable energy development and energy efficiency, the two sides face challenges, including differences in standards, high financing costs, and barriers to data exchange. This article examines the strategic background, practical motivations, and theoretical value of Sino-Russian cooperation in green finance, drawing on literature and data analysis to support its arguments. The study provides guidance for deepening cooperation between the two countries in the field of green finance, contributes to the achievement of “double carbon neutrality” goals, and proposes a model for sustainable cooperation for emerging economies.

Regional aviation in the North and Arctic plays a key role in the economic development and security of these regions. Its primary objectives include passenger and cargo transportation to remote communities, providing vital social services to northern populations, and charter flights for industrial needs. Regional aviation typically features a significant volume of intraregional flights; however, its development and operations are constrained by the high cost of transportation services, logistical challenges, and harsh weather conditions. In researching this article, various analytical materials were reviewed to identify factors that impact air carrier costs, particularly in light of the specific circumstances of northern regions. Since most factors negatively impacting the profitability of regional airlines are beyond their control and require comprehensive solutions at the national level, organizations themselves should focus on internal aspects of their operations, changes to which can help improve their performance in the short term. The purpose of this study is to explore opportunities to improve the financial position of a regional airline by enhancing its current asset management, as these assets represent a critical component of business operations, ensuring operational continuity and financial stability. An analysis of financial statements and performance indicators revealed that the company can improve its financial performance by optimizing accounts receivable and changing its inventory acquisition algorithm. Calculating and comparing actual and projected indicators that could be achieved by implementing the proposed recommendations demonstrates improved resource utilization, thereby underscoring the practical significance of this study.

We present a comprehensive typology of populated areas in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia), a unique region with extreme climatic conditions, low population density, and significant internal differentiation. The inadequacy for effective governance of the classical division into “urban” and “rural” areas is demonstrated. The primary objective of this study is to develop and test a comprehensive methodological framework for classifying municipalities in Yakutia, enabling a transition from purely economic indicators to an integrated assessment of living conditions and human capital. This study utilizes a consistent application of integrated rating, cluster, spatial, and dynamic scenario methods. A system of criteria цфы developed that includes demographic potential, economic foundation, and infrastructure development. Based on the typology, specific recommendations were formulated for government agencies on the transition from a unified policy to differentiated management, which will enable targeted budget allocation and improve the quality of life of the population. The study resulted in the development of a detailed classification identifying stable types of urban and rural settlements. Among urban settlements, the following are distinguished: large multifunctional centers (Yakutsk), large industrial centers, medium-sized regional centers (industrial and agricultural), Arctic towns, and single-functional settlements. Among the rural areas are large rural centers, agro-industrial villages, small depressed villages and eco-ethnic settlements. The study demonstrates the practical significance of the developed typology as a tool for making informed management decisions aimed at equalizing territorial development levels and ensuring the long-term strategic sustainability of the republic. The results emphasize the need to consider regional specifics and targeted funding to mitigate imbalances in the Far North.

Abstract

With the growing use and popularity of digital currencies, it has become crucial to study the potential advantages and disadvantages these forms of currency bring to the global economy. The aim of this study is to identify the key theoretical principles governing the feasibility of national bank digital currencies and to conduct a comparative analysis of their development and use in different countries today. The methodology is based on a comparative approach, including systemic and comparative analysis and data collection. The study’s data base included reports from national central banks, data from the official websites of the World Bank, the Bank for International Settlements, and the National Bank of Russia, as well as expert assessments from international financial organizations. Central bank digital currencies provide low-cost, near-instant settlements for both domestic and international payments, reducing risks and improving user experience. This helps ensure the rapid sending and receiving of payments in local currencies by both parties in a transaction, while providing a platform for further innovation. More than 130 countries are involved in developing their own digital currencies by 2025, at various stages, from research to implementation. The Bank of Russia’s “Digital Ruble” project could help reduce dependence on the US dollar in international settlements. Experience with the digital yuan will be useful in mitigating risks associated with the digital ruble’s implementation. Furthermore, the use of cutting-edge technologies to improve the economy can also play a significant role in stimulating economic growth and improving financial systems. Regulation of digital currencies and the implementation of cutting-edge technologies have the potential to transform and enrich the economy.

This article analyzes the socioeconomic consequences of climate change for the Arctic regions of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). The empirical basis of the study is official statistics and reports from the republic’s government agencies for the period 2014–2024. A cluster analysis was used as the central method, allowing for the assessment and classification of municipalities’ fiscal vulnerability to climate-induced disasters. The study focuses on key risks associated with permafrost degradation and increased frequency of extreme weather events, such as infrastructure destruction, threats to the traditional way of life of indigenous peoples, and stress on life support systems. The study results demonstrate significant spatial differentiation in vulnerability. Three clusters of districts with different risk types were identified: from those with uniquely high vulnerability to catastrophic isolated events (Zhigansky District, where emergency response costs in 2018 exceeded annual income) to those with persistent exposure to high-frequency but localized events (Verkhnekolymsky and Srednekolymsky Districts). Based on the analysis, the need for developing and implementing targeted adaptation measures differentiated by the identified types of budget risks for different territories is substantiated.

This research paper investigates the complex impact of Western Sanctions against Russia on the fluctuations of Crude Oil import to India using the surge in exports to India 2014-2024 as a case study. The central problematic is the efficacy of sanctions which aimed to isolate Russia but instead triggered market reorientation, strengthening alternative partnerships and alternative partnerships and reshaping global energy flows. The study’s main goal is to compute and express mathematically the sanctions’ in question effect on Crude oil export volumes to India. The context and debates is within discussions between proponents of sanctions as a coercive instrument and critics who emphasize adaptive circumvention through new trade hubs like India, driven by discounted oil and strategic autonomy. Methodologically, the paper employs linear regression, treating annual sanctions’ damage (a static 2% of Russian GDP) as the independent variable and Russian Crude Oil import volumes to India as the dependant variable. This operationalization is a limitation, as it uses an indirect, constant economic proxy that fails to capture the escalating and qualitative intensity of sanctions over time, especially after events in Eastern Europe after February 2022. The key result is a positive, statistically significant coefficient, indicating that higher sanction estimates correlate with increased Russian Crude oil export to India. This directly contradicts the hypothesis that sanctions restrict export. The conclusion argues that sanctions have reoriented Russia’s oil trade, deepening IndoRussian ties as an unintended consequence. The findings underscore the outcomes of economic statecraft where sanctions are strengthening South-South partnerships and complicate global isolation efforts, though the methodological simplification warrants cautious interpretation.

This study is devoted to the analysis of the negative impact of the shadow economy on the sustainable development of regions. The relevance of the topic is due to the fact that the shadow economy, which covers a significant part of the regional economy, prevents the formation of a stable socio-economic environment. The work used official statistical data from the regions of Russia for the period 2010–2023, survey results and expert recommendations. Strengthening the economic security of any region is impossible without a deep understanding and consideration of its unique economic identity. As a result of the analysis, it was found out that the shadow economy leads to significant economic losses due to tax evasion, illegal employment, increased economic crime, corruption and decreased investment attractiveness. This undermines the economic security of the regions, slows down their growth and exacerbates social inequality. For example, regions with a high level of shadow activity experience a GRP decrease by 5–10% annually. In addition, the survey confirms that the shadow economy and corruption are closely linked, with subjective estimates reaching 40% and 30% on key factors. This shows the imperfection of laws and corruption. The respondents noted that weak legal norms and bureaucratic barriers create incentives for retreating into the shadows. This is confirmed by the answers to another question of the questionnaire, that a significant part of the respondents, 65% in total, had direct personal experience of encountering corruption. Thus, in order to combat the shadow economy, it is necessary to strengthen the economic security of regions. It is recommended to simplify tax administration, increase transparency of public services and conduct systematic educational work among the population. These measures are aimed at reducing shadow activity and stimulating sustainable regional development. The aim of the work is to assess the impact of the shadow economy on the sustainable development of the regions of the Russian Federation with an emphasis on the transformation of their economic identity and to develop practical recommendations to minimize negative consequences. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were solved: 1) to analyze modern theoretical and methodological approaches to the definition, structuring and evaluation of the shadow economy, as well as to the concept of “economic identity” of the region; 2) to justify the choice and apply methodological tools for quantifying the scale of the shadow economy at the regional level; 3) to estimate the volume and dynamics of the shadow sector in the economy of the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) for the period 2011–2023 based on the chosen methodology; 4) to analyze the impact of the revealed scale of the shadow economy on such elements of economic identity as the investment climate, fiscal potential and the level of social trust; 5) to develop practical recommendations for the authorities of the region on taking into account the influence of the shadow sector on the development and implementation of economic policies aimed at strengthening economic identity and ensuring sustainable development.

The relevance of this study is determined by the need for a comprehensive assessment of the efficiency of agricultural land use in the northern region, where agricultural production is characterized by a high Aproportion of traditional, low-commodity farming practices, which shape a unique employment structure. The objective of this study was to analyze the dynamics and relationships between the employment structure characteristic of the traditional sector and land use performance indicators in agriculture in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) for the period 2020–2024. The methodological framework was based on the principles of regional economics and the economics of the agro-industrial complex (AIC). The empirical basis of the study was formed by data from Rosstat and the Territorial Office of the Federal State Statistics Service for the Sakha Republic (Yakutia). The study utilized comparative, economic-statistical, index, and correlation time series analysis methods. The scientific novelty lies in the application of the developed methodological approach to assessing land use performance, which takes into account the structural characteristics of employment and production prevalent in the republic’s agricultural sector. The study’s results showed that, over the analyzed period, household farms maintained their dominant role in generating gross output, and also revealed a steady increase in overall efficiency indicators (land productivity and labor productivity) against a background of structural stability. A synchronous positive trend was established between the growth of production and the increase in land productivity. The practical significance of the study lies in the development of analytical tools for substantiating agricultural policy aimed at supporting the efficiency of the entire multi-sector sector, which is a key condition for the sustainable development of rural areas in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia).